Everyone knows doing the principle diagram of the PCB is designed into a real piece of PCB, please don’t look down upon this process, there are a lot of things on the principle of practicable in engineering has difficult to achieve, or something that someone can achieve them,but others can not, so it is not difficult to make a PCB, but make a good pcb bhodhi hakusi nyore chinhu.
Two nematambudziko makuru mumunda microelectronics yakakwirira kakawanda chiratidzo uye simba chiratidzo kubudiswa, pcb kugadzirwa pamwero kunonyanya kukosha panyaya iyi, zano design, zvakafanana zvinoriumba, vanhu vakasiyana-siyana akaita pcb vachava nemigumisiro yakasiyana, saka sei kuti ? wakanaka pcb bhodhi Kunoitwa yedu yapfuura ruzivo, tinoda kukurukura maonero edu anotevera zvinhu:
1. Dudzira zvinangwa zvako
Akatambira namaapuro basa, unofanira kutanga kubvisa magadzirirwo zvinangwa, chinhu Common pcb puranga , mukuru-Frequency pcb , duku chiratidzo kubudiswa pcb kana pane zvose kakawanda mukuru uye duku chiratidzo kubudiswa kubva pcb, kana ari chakajairika pcb , sezvo refu sezvinoita musoro marongerwo uye ndigadzirise, zvokuimba kukura yakarurama, Kana mutoro mutsetse uye refu mutsetse, achapiwa ichitongwa imwe nzira, kurerutsa mutoro, kusimbisa refu mutsara nemotokari, kiyi iri kudzivirira kufungisisa refu mutsetse wacho. kana kune zvinopfuura 40MHz chiratidzo mitsara iri puranga, chaihwo nezvavanofunga tinoitirwa izvi chiratidzo mitsetse, akadai crosstalk.If kakawanda kwakakwirira, vane zvakawanda rairambidzwa kureba wiring, maererano kuparadzirwa parameters samambure yokuti, kuti kusakarongeka pakati kumhanya redunhu uye ayo kuda ndiye inokosha chinhu, asi maitiro hazvigoni kungotariswa muna design.With kuvandudzika romukova yedzimudzangara kumhanya, pamutsetse pamusoro uchawedzera ari crosstalk pakati pedyo chiratidzo mitsetse zvichava Proportional kune kuwedzera, kazhinji mukuru-nokukurumidza simba zvinodyiwa uye nokupisa nounzenza kwemutariri riri guru kwazvo, akonzera zvakakwana kufunga kana kuita mukuru-nokukurumidza pcb.
Kana bhodhi vane millivolt pamwero kunyange microvolt pamwero apo simba chiratidzo, chiratidzo vanoda kunyatsotarisirwa, chiratidzo duku anyanyopera simba, pangozi chaizvo kune vamwe simba chiratidzo chipingaidzo, kudzivirirwa zviyero Kazhinji zvakakosha, zvimwe kuchaderedza zvikuru chiratidzo-to-ruzha ratio.So kuti kubatsira anonongedzera vakanyudzwa kunze ruzha uye haagoni zvinobudirira zvikaramba.
On bhodhi chiyero uyewo zvinofanira kufungwa nezvazvo panguva magadzirirwo chokutambudzika, zvinhu nzvimbo yokuedzwa pfungwa, bvunzo pfungwa woga zvinhu hazvigoni kungotariswa, nekuti mamwe chiratidzo duku uye yakakwirira Frequency chiratidzo haisi zvakananga kuwedzera vachiongorora kuyera.
Uyezve, pane dzimwe chokuita zvinhu, dzakadai paiva namapuranga, kuti pasuru Maumbirwe zvinoriumba uye nesimba zvemaziso of boards.Before kuita pcb mapuranga, unofanira kuva namaapuro chinangwa mupfungwa.
2. Kunzwisisa zvinodiwa mashandiro zvakamisa hurongwa wakashandiswa marongerwo
Sezvatinoziva, pane dzimwe zvinoriumba vari marongerwo kunge anokosha zvinodiwa, akadai LOTI uye APH akashandisa analoginen chiratidzo gudzazwi, analoginen chiratidzo gudzazwi simba chinodiwa mvere, duku ripple.The simulation zviduku chiratidzo zvikamu zvinofanira kuchengetwa kure simba devices.On ari Oti bhodhi, duku chiratidzo amplification chikamu chiri yakarongerwa aine kudzivirirwa chifukidzo kuvharidzira kwevaya remagetsi interference.GLINK chip akashandiswa NTOI bhodhi ndiye ECL muitiro, simba rakawanda guru fivha, kuti dambudziko kupisa nounzenza kunofanira kuitwa apo marongerwo anofanira kuva wokunyatsoporesa, kana yepanyama kutonhora, achaisa GLINK Chip mumhepo aibuda pane mvere, uye kunze kupisa haisi zvikuru kune dzimwe chips.If pane nyanga kana zvimwe mukuru simba mudziyo mungarava, zvinogona kukonzera kwakakomba kusvibiswa simba kwayo kunofanira kubhadhara zvakakwana nzeve.
3. Kudzidza zvinoriumba marongerwo
The marongerwo pakati zvakamisa hurongwa wokutanga chokufunga nezvacho kuita, kufanana kubatana yenhengo pamwe kure sezvinobvira, kunyanya vamwe kumhanya mutsetse, kuti marongerwo ndiko kuti sezvo pfupi sezvinobvira kuparadzana simba chiratidzo uye duku chiratidzo device.In pafungidziro rokusangana chokupika mudunhu, zvakakodzerawo kufunga urongwa zvakamisa hurongwa kuitira, akanaka, zvakakunakira aedze, ivo zvokuimba kukura puranga, nzvimbo panosangana, etc.
Kupfuudzwa kunonoka nguva grounding uye interconnection padunhu-nokukurumidza hurongwa ndiyewo chinhu chokutanga kuonekwa apo afunge kuti system.Signal pamusoro nokupfuuridzirwa nguva yakanga ine simba guru zvinonyatsorehwa hurongwa kumhanya, kunyanya nokuti mukuru-nokukurumidza ECL nematunhu, kunyange kumhanya Integrated redunhu nechigumbuso pacharo, asi somugumisiro pasi pamwe vakaderera interconnect (ose 30 masendimita refu, pamusoro kunonoka 2 NS) kuunza zvibereko zveminda kunonoka nguva, zvinogona kuita hurongwa nokukurumidza ipfupi kwazvo. Kufanana vanoshanda remazita, synchronous pakaunda yaunonyanya kushandisa ichi kushanda zvikamu chete chimedu kadhi, yakanakisisa nokuti yakasiyana hutachiwana kunonoka nguva wachi chiratidzo pamusoro bhodhi haina kuenzana, zvingaita kuti kuchinja remazita zvibereko zvikanganiso, kana kwete pamusoro ndiro, apo yaunonyanya kushandisa ndiyo kiyi, kubva paruzhinji wachi panobva chokuita wachi mutsetse anofanira kuva akaenzana pakureba bhodhi.
4. Kudzidza wiring
With magadzirirwe OTNI uye nyeredzi Manyiminya internet zimbabwe, kupfuura 100MHz mukuru nokukurumidza chiratidzo mutsetse vanofanira kugadzirwa mune ramangwana. Vamwe Pfungwa inokosha kumhanya mutsetse vachange kusumwa pano.
hutachiwana mutsetse
Chero "refu" zvichikurukura gwara iri akadhindwa redunhu bhodhirinogona kunzi munhu Kupfuudzwa line.If nokupfuuridzirwa kunonoka ari mutsetse rakapfupika zvikuru kupfuura chiratidzo simuka nguva, kuratidzwa pamusoro muridzi panguva chiratidzo vosimba achava submerged.No refu kuonekwa overshoot, hazviiti uye kurira, nokuti panguva iyoyo, vakawanda mos redunhu, nokuda kuwedzera nguva mutsetse yedzimudzangara kunonoka nguva zvikuru zvikuru, saka unogona kuva metres refu uye hapana chiratidzo distortion.And kuti nokukurumidza pfungwa nematunhu, kunyanya Ultra-soro nokukurumidza ECL.
Kana Integrated mumatunhu, nokureba zvisaririra anofanira yekudyidzana kupfupiswa kuti tirambe kuvimbika chiratidzo nokuda nokukurumidza mucheto aimhanya.
Pane nzira mbiri kuti mukuru-nokukurumidza redunhu pane hwakanyatsorwisa refu mutsetse basa pasina chakakomba kusarurama, rinoshandiswa kuti nokukurumidza kuderera pamupendero TTL schottky diode clamping nzira, kuti zvechivhurumukira kuva kuzvidzora mune diode dererei pane pasi zvinogona kumanikidzwa inodonha nenhanho kuderedza hazviiti iri seri amplitude, iri nomumugwagwa kwaitora nguva kuzvimba pamucheto overshoot anobvumirwa, asi pamwero "H" mumamiriro ezvinhu hwakanyatsorwisa yakakwirira goho impedance kwemutariri (50 ~ 80 Ω) attenuation .In Uyezve, nokuda mwero "H" nehurumende kutapata, hombe dambudziko hazviiti hakusi kunoshamisa chaizvo, umhare HCT series, kana kushandisa schottky diode clamping uye munhevedzano kuramba divi kubatanidza nzira, ari nani mugumisiro huchava pachena.
, Kuti TTL kuumba nzira pamusoro apa achishayiwa hwepamusorosoro ikakuruma mwero uye dzichimhanya mupendero Kana pane dzinoshandisa kunze munzira chiratidzo mutsetse speed.Because pane zvinoratidzwa mafungu mumutsara, vachava vanowanzoyemura synthesized pamatunhu zvazvingava, saka kukonzera zvakakomba kukanganisa chiratidzo uye kudzikira Anti-chipingaidzo ability.Therefore, kuti vagadzirise dambudziko kufungisisa, chimwe nzira unowanzoshandiswa muna ECL ino: mutsetse impedance chienderane method.In iyi nzira kuratidzwa inotongwa uye kuvimbika chiratidzo ndeyechokwadi.