Everyone knows doing the principle diagram of the PCB is designed into a real piece of PCB, please don’t look down upon this process, there are a lot of things on the principle of practicable in engineering has difficult to achieve, or something that someone can achieve them,but others can not, so it is not difficult to make a PCB, but make a good PCB osisi abụghị ihe dị mfe.
Abụọ isi nsogbu na ubi nke microelectronics bụ elu ugboro mgbaàmà na-adịghị ike mgbaàmà nhazi, PCB mmepụta larịị dị mkpa karịsịa na nke a, otu ụkpụrụ imewe, otu mmiri, dị iche iche ndị mmadụ mere PCB ga nwere dị iche iche pụta, ya mere, otú e si eme a mma PCB osisi? Dabere na anyị gara aga ahụmahụ, anyị ga-achọ na-atụle anyị na echiche na ndị na-esonụ akụkụ:
1. Chọpụta ihe mgbaru ọsọ gị
Natara a imewe ọrụ, ga-akpa ikpochapụ imewe ihe mgbaru ọsọ, bụ a Common PCB board , elu ugboro PCB , obere mgbaàmà nhazi PCB ma ọ bụ na e nwere ma elu ugboro na obere mgbaàmà nhazi nke PCB, ọ bụrụ na ọ bụ a nkịtị PCB , dị ka ogologo dị ka ime ihe ezi uche okirikiri nhọrọ ukwuu na idozi, n'ibu size ezi, ọ bụrụ na ibu akara na ogologo akara, ga-edozi site a ụfọdụ n'aka, mee ibu, na-ewusi ogologo akara nke mbanye, isi bụ iji gbochie ogologo akara si echiche. mgbe e nwere ihe karịrị 40MHz mgbaàmà edoghi na osisi, pụrụ iche echiche na-mere maka ndị a mgbaàmà e, dị ka crosstalk.If ugboro bụ karịa, nwere ihe mgbochi na ogologo nke wiring, dị ka nkesa kwa nke netwọk ozizi, na mmekọrịta n'etiti elu na-agba circuit na ya na-ekekọta bụ bụrụkwa ihe na-akpata, usoro-apụghị ileghara anya na design.With mma nke ụzọ nnyefe ọsọ, na akara megide ga-amụba, na crosstalk n'etiti n'akụkụ mgbaàmà edoghi ga- proportional na-abawanye na, na-na elu-ọsọ ike oriri na okpomọkụ dissipation nke circuit bụ nnọọ nnukwu, kwesịrị ime ka ezu ntị mgbe eme elu-ọsọ PCB.
Mgbe osisi nwere millivolt larịị ọbụna microvolt larịị mgbe na-adịghị ike mgbaàmà, mgbama ga mkpa pụrụ iche na-elekọta, obere esighi ike, nnọọ ngwangwa ọzọ ike mgbaàmà ndabichi echebe jikoro bụ mgbe ọ dị mkpa, ma ọ bụghị ga-ukwuu belata mgbaàmà-to-mkpọtụ ratio.So na bara uru na n'ókè na-mmiri riri site ụzụ na-apụghị n'ụzọ dị irè amịpụtara.
On osisi ụfọdụ nwekwara kwesịrị iwere echiche n'oge imewe na-adọ, anụ ahụ ebe nke ule ihe, ule n'ókè nke iche ihe na-apụghị ileghara anya, n'ihi na ụfọdụ n'ime obere mgbaàmà na elu ugboro mgbaàmà na-kpọmkwem tinye nyocha tụọ.
Ke adianade do, e nwere ndị ọzọ yiri ihe, dị ka oyi akwa nke mbadamba, na ngwugwu udi nke mmiri na n'ibu ike nke boards.Before eme PCB mbadamba, ị kwesịrị ị nwere imewe mgbaru ọsọ n'obi.
2. Ghọta chọrọ nke ọrụ nke mmiri na-eji na okirikiri nhọrọ ukwuu
Dị ka anyị maara, e nwere ụfọdụ pụrụ iche na mmiri na okirikiri nhọrọ ukwuu na-pụrụ iche chọrọ, dị ka LOTI na APH eji analọg mgbaàmà ampilifaya, analọg mgbaàmà ampilifaya maka ike chọrọ iji ire ụtọ, obere ripple.The ịme anwansị nke obere mgbaàmà akụkụ kwesịrị nọ n'ebe ike devices.On na OTI osisi, obere mgbaàmà amplification akụkụ a na-akpan iji na a echebe nkpuchi na-echebe ndị kpafuo akpa interference.GLINK ibe-eji na NTOI board bụ ECL usoro, ike oriri nnukwu fever, nsogbu nke okpomọkụ dissipation ga-mụụrụ mgbe layout ga-pụrụ iche echiche, ma ọ bụrụ na ndị eke jụrụ, ga-etinye GLINK mgbawa ikuku eruba bụ ezigbo, na nke okpomọkụ bụghị a nnukwu mmetụta ndị ọzọ chips.If e a mpi ma ọ bụ ndị ọzọ elu ike na ngwaọrụ na osisi, ọ pụkwara ime ka oké njọ mmetọ nke ike na ọ ga na-akwụ ụgwọ zuru ntị.
3. ichebara nke akụrụngwa layout
The layout nke mmiri onye mbụ ga-atụle bụ arụmọrụ, nwere njikọ chiri anya na njikọ nke mmiri ọnụ dị nnọọ ka o kwere, karịsịa n'ihi na ụfọdụ elu ọsọ akara, okirikiri nhọrọ ukwuu bụ ime ka ọ dị ka obere ka o kwere ikewapụ ike mgbaàmà na obere egosi device.In na premise nzute arụmọrụ nke circuit, ọ dịkwa mkpa ka a tụlee ndokwa nke mmiri na iji, mara mma, adaba iji nwalee, n'ibu size nke osisi, ọnọdụ nke anya, wdg
Nnyefe oge oge nke grounding na interconnection na elu-ọsọ usoro bụkwa mbụ na-akpata ga-atụle mgbe emebe na system.Signal na nnyefe oge a oké mmetụta na n'ozuzu usoro ọsọ, karịsịa maka elu-ọsọ ECL na sekit na sekit, ọ bụ ezie na elu na-agba integrated circuit ngọngọ n'onwe ya, ma dị ka a n'ihi nke n'ala na nkịtị Diisk (ọ bụla 30 cm ogologo, banyere oge nke 2 NS) wetara ihe-ọmume nke oge oge, nwere ike ime ka usoro ọsọ na-ukwuu belata. Dị ka a mgbanwe aha, synchronous counter a mmekọrịta na-arụ ọrụ akụkụ na otu mpempe kaadị, kasị mma n'ihi na nke dị iche iche nnyefe oge oge nke elekere mgbaàmà na osisi ahaghị nhata, pụrụ iduga a mgbanwe aha mepụtara njehie, ma ọ bụrụ na ọ bụghị na a efere, ebe mmekọrịta bụ isi, si n'ihu ọha na elekere isi iyi ejikọrọ na elekere akara ga-hà ogologo nke osisi.
4. ichebara nke wiring
Na imewe nke OTNI na kpakpando ngwa anya eriri network, karịa 100MHz nke elu na-agba mgbaàmà akara ga mkpa ka a haziri na-eme n'ọdịnihu. Ụfọdụ isi banye n'eluigwe, nke elu na-agba akara ga-ẹkenam ebe a.
nnyefe akara
Ọ bụla "ogologo" egosi ụzọ na a biri ebi circuit ibaga-atụle a nnyefe line.If nnyefe oge nke akara bụ ihe mkpumkpu karịa mgbaàmà ịrị elu oge, onyinyo nke onye nwe n'oge mgbaàmà ịrị elu ga-submerged.No ogologo apụta overshoot, anaghị achọ na-akụ, n'ihi na mgbe ahụ, ihe ka ọtụtụ n'ime mos circuit, n'ihi ịrị elu oge nke akara nnyefe oge oge bụ ọtụtụ ibu, n'ihi ya, ọ pụrụ ịbụ na mita ogologo na ọ dịghị mgbaàmà distortion.And maka ngwa ngwa mgbagha na sekit na sekit, karịsịa ultra-elu na-agba ECL.
N'ihe banyere integrated na sekit na sekit, na ogologo nke metụtara ga-budata shortened iji nọgide na-enwe ike n'ezi ihe nke mgbaàmà ruru ka ngwa ngwa ihu gbapụrụ ọsọ.
E nwere ụzọ abụọ na-eme ka elu-ọsọ circuit na a dịtụ ogologo akara ọrụ enweghị oké njọ distortion, na-eji maka ngwa ngwa ojuju na ihu TTL schottky diode clamping usoro, ka na-akwadoghị akwado enwe njide onwe na a diode bụ ala karịa n'ala nwere mgbali dobe na larịị nke mbenata anaghị achọ na azụ nke njupụta, na iji nwayọọ na-ebili ihu overshoot na-ekwe, ma ọ bụ larịị "H" na a ala nke dịtụ elu mmepụta impedance nke circuit (50 ~ 80 Ω) attenuation .Ọzọkwa, n'ihi na larịị nke "H" obodo ọgụ, ibu anaghị achọ nsogbu abụghị nnọọ pụta ìhè, ngwaọrụ nke HCT series, ma ọ bụrụ na iji schottky diode clamping na usoro ndị na-eguzogide n'akụkụ jikọọ usoro, mma mmetụta ọ ga-ọzọ doro anya.
Mgbe e nwere a na-akwado n'ụzọ mgbama akara, na TTL n'ịkpụzi usoro a kọwara n'elu na-adịghị ná elu bit ọnụego na ngwa ngwa ihu speed.Because e na-ekere mmiri na ebili mmiri na akara, ha ga-agbasaghị na-synthesized na elu, si otú na-eme ka oké njọ distortion nke mgbaàmà na usen mgbochi nnyonye ability.Therefore, iji dozie echiche nsogbu, ọzọ usoro a na-emekarị na-eji na ECL usoro: akara impedance abịa method.In otú a na echiche na-achịkwa ma na ike n'ezi ihe nke mgbaàmà na-ekwe nkwa.